På denne dag: 21. november
Utforsk avgjørende hendelser, vitenskapelige sprang og historiske vendepunkter. Med kildekritisk merking for antikke og kalenderusatte datoer.
1386: Historisk hendelse
Turco-Mongol conqueror Timur captured and sacked the Georgian capital Tbilisi and forced King Bagrat V to convert to Islam.
1620: Historisk hendelse
The Mayflower Compact, the first governing document of the Plymouth Colony, was signed by 41 of the Mayflower's passengers while the ship was anchored in what is now Provincetown Harbor.
1877: Historisk hendelse
Thomas Edison announced his invention of the phonograph, a device able to record and play sound.
1894: Historisk hendelse
First Sino-Japanese War: After capturing the Chinese city of Port Arthur, the Japanese army began a massacre of the city's soldiers and civilians.
1920: Historisk hendelse
Irish War of Independence: On Bloody Sunday in Dublin, the IRA assassinated a group of British intelligence agents, and British forces killed 14 civilians at a Gaelic football match at Croke Park.
1922: Historisk hendelse
Rebecca Latimer Felton became the first woman to serve in the United States Senate, albeit for only one day.
1945: Historisk hendelse
Manzanar (pictured), a camp in California for the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II, was closed.
1950: Historisk hendelse
Two trains collided near Valemount, Canada, killing 21 people; the subsequent trial brought future prime minister John Diefenbaker to greater political attention.
1959: Historisk hendelse
American disc jockey Alan Freed (pictured), who popularized the term rock and roll, was fired from WABC-AM for his role in the payola scandal.
1961: Historisk hendelse
La Ronde (pictured), the first revolving restaurant in the United States, was inaugurated.
1964: Historisk hendelse
The Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge, connecting Staten Island and Brooklyn in New York City, opened to traffic as the longest suspension bridge in the world at the time.
1970: Historisk hendelse
Vietnam War: American forces raided the North Vietnamese Sơn Tây prison camp in an attempt to rescue 61 American POWs who were thought to be held there.
1974: Historisk hendelse
Bombs exploded in two pubs in central Birmingham, England, killing 21 people and leading to the imprisonment of six people who were later exonerated.
1977: Historisk hendelse
"God Defend New Zealand" became New Zealand's second national anthem, on equal standing with "God Save the King", which had been the traditional anthem since 1840.
1980: Historisk hendelse
A fire broke out at the MGM Grand Hotel on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada, killing 85 people and injuring 650 others.
2009: Historisk hendelse
An explosion in a coal mine in Heilongjiang, China, killed 108 miners.
2012: Historisk hendelse
A remote-controlled bomb exploded on a bus in Tel Aviv, Israel, injuring at least 28 people on board.
2015: Historisk hendelse
The Belgian government imposed a four-day security lockdown in Brussels based on information about potential terrorist attacks.
🔍 Om kildene og historisk datering
Å tidfeste hendelser tusenvis av år tilbake i tid er en krevende historievitenskapelig oppgave. Før innføringen av den julianske kalenderen (45 f.Kr.) og den gregorianske kalenderen (1582) benyttet ulike sivilisasjoner (romere, grekere, kinesere, babylonere) vidt forskjellige kalendersystemer basert på månesykluser eller lokale embetsperioder.
Slik merker vi dateringene:
• ✓ Sikker datering: Dokumentert i samtidige protokoller, offisielle traktater eller etter standardiserte kalendersystemer.
• ⚠️ Usikker / estimert: Hendelsen er historisk reell, men datoen er tradisjonell, basert på senere krøniker eller lunisolare omregninger.
- Wikimedia Foundation – Wikipedia On This Day arkiver og historiske registre.
- Store norske leksikon (SNL) – Norsk og internasjonal historie, biografier og årstallsverifisering.
- Encyclopædia Britannica – Verifisering av antikke slag, fredsavtaler og statsdannelser.
- NASA Historical Logs & Science Missions – Romfartshistoriske datoer og oppskytningstelemetri.