På denne dag: 30. september
Utforsk avgjørende hendelser, vitenskapelige sprang og historiske vendepunkter. Med kildekritisk merking for antikke og kalenderusatte datoer.
737: Historisk hendelse
Muslim conquest of Transoxiana: Türgesh tribesmen attacked and captured the exposed baggage train of the Umayyad army, sent ahead of the main force.
1139: Historisk hendelse
A violent earthquake struck the Caucasus near Ganja, killing up to an estimated 300,000 people.
1342: Historisk hendelse
An Anglo-Breton army defeated a far larger Franco-Breton force in the first land battle of the Hundred Years' War.
1551: Historisk hendelse
Sue Takafusa, a retainer of the Ōuchi clan in western Japan, led a coup against the daimyō Ōuchi Yoshitaka, leading to the latter's forced suicide.
1791: Historisk hendelse
Mozart conducted the premiere of his last opera, The Magic Flute, in Vienna.
1863: Historisk hendelse
Georges Bizet's opera Les pêcheurs de perles premiered at the Théâtre Lyrique in Paris.
1882: Historisk hendelse
The Vulcan Street Plant in Appleton, Wisconsin, the first hydroelectric central station to serve a system of private and commercial customers in North America, went online.
1918: Historisk hendelse
Nestor Makhno and Fedir Shchus led insurgents to successfully ambush the Central Powers that occupied southern Ukraine during World War I.
1920: Historisk hendelse
Times Square Theater (pictured) opened on Broadway with a production of The Mirage, a play written by its owner, Edgar Selwyn.
1938: Historisk hendelse
Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, Neville Chamberlain, and Édouard Daladier signed the Munich Agreement, stipulating that Czechoslovakia must cede the Sudetenland to Germany.
1939: Historisk hendelse
NBC broadcast the first televised American football game, between the Fordham Rams and the Waynesburg Yellow Jackets.
1939: Historisk hendelse
Second World War: General Władysław Sikorski (pictured) became the first prime minister of the Polish government-in-exile.
1955: Historisk hendelse
American film actor James Dean suffered fatal injuries in a head-on car accident near Cholame, California.
1975: Historisk hendelse
The Boeing AH-64 Apache (example pictured), the primary attack helicopter for a number of countries, made its first flight.
1982: Historisk hendelse
Cheers, an American television sitcom, debuted with its pilot episode on NBC.
1998: Historisk hendelse
The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), a nonprofit organization that manages the assignment of domain names and IP addresses in the Internet, was incorporated.
2000: Historisk hendelse
Twelve-year-old Muhammad al-Durrah was shot dead in the Gaza Strip; the Israel Defense Forces initially accepted responsibility but retracted it five years later.
2005: Historisk hendelse
The Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten published controversial editorial cartoons depicting Muhammad, sparking protests across the Islamic world by many who viewed them as Islamophobic and blasphemous.
2009: Historisk hendelse
A 7.6 MW earthquake struck off the southern coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, killing 1,115 and impacting an estimated 1.2 million people.
2019: Historisk hendelse
President Martín Vizcarra dissolved the Congress of Peru, resulting in a constitutional crisis.
🔍 Om kildene og historisk datering
Å tidfeste hendelser tusenvis av år tilbake i tid er en krevende historievitenskapelig oppgave. Før innføringen av den julianske kalenderen (45 f.Kr.) og den gregorianske kalenderen (1582) benyttet ulike sivilisasjoner (romere, grekere, kinesere, babylonere) vidt forskjellige kalendersystemer basert på månesykluser eller lokale embetsperioder.
Slik merker vi dateringene:
• ✓ Sikker datering: Dokumentert i samtidige protokoller, offisielle traktater eller etter standardiserte kalendersystemer.
• ⚠️ Usikker / estimert: Hendelsen er historisk reell, men datoen er tradisjonell, basert på senere krøniker eller lunisolare omregninger.
- Wikimedia Foundation – Wikipedia On This Day arkiver og historiske registre.
- Store norske leksikon (SNL) – Norsk og internasjonal historie, biografier og årstallsverifisering.
- Encyclopædia Britannica – Verifisering av antikke slag, fredsavtaler og statsdannelser.
- NASA Historical Logs & Science Missions – Romfartshistoriske datoer og oppskytningstelemetri.